How to Use a 95kPa Specimen Transport Bag Correctly

If you’re responsible for shipping diagnostic specimens, biological samples, or any other Category B infectious substances, you’ve likely encountered the 95kPa specimen transport bag. This isn’t just any bag; it’s a critical component in a legally required packaging system designed to protect everyone involved in the transport chain.

Using it correctly is not just a best practice—it’s the law. This guide will walk you through the entire process, from preparing your sample to sealing the bag for dispatch, ensuring full compliance with IATA and ADR regulations.

Understanding the “95kPa” Rating: What Does It Mean?

Before we dive into the “how,” let’s understand the “why.” The “95kPa” (kilopascal) rating refers to the bag’s ability to withstand internal pressure. This is a mandatory requirement for all packaging used to transport Category B biological substances (UN3373).

Essentially, this pressure test simulates conditions in an aircraft hold without a pressure differential. If a primary container were to leak, the 95kPa bag is your vital second line of defense, containing the spill and preventing contamination and potential exposure.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using Your 95kPa Specimen Transport Bag

A proper shipment is a triple-packaging system. The 95kPa bag is the centerpiece of the secondary packaging layer.

Step 1: Prepare the Primary Receptacle

This is your sample tube, vial, or specimen container.

• Ensure it is leak-proof and securely closed.
• Label it clearly with the patient/study identifier.
• Wrap the primary container(s) in an absorbent material, like paper towel or absorbent sleeve. The absorbent material must be sufficient to absorb the entire volume of the liquid in case of a breakage.

Step 2: Place the Primary Receptacle in the Secondary Packaging

• Take the wrapped primary receptacle and place it inside a durable, watertight, and leak-proof secondary container. This is often a hard plastic tube or a larger, sealed plastic cup.
• This secondary container’s purpose is to contain leaks and protect the primary receptacle from physical damage.

Step 3: The Crucial Step – Sealing in the 95kPa Bag

• Insert the Secondary Container: Place the sealed secondary container (containing your wrapped primary receptacle) into the 95kPa specimen transport bag.
• Add Documentation: This is a critical step. The required shipping documents (e.g., test requisition forms, manifests, air waybill copies) must be placed in the document pocket on the outside of the bag. Never place paperwork inside the main compartment with the sample, as this poses a contamination risk and defeats the purpose of the sealed system.
• Seal the Bag: Remove the adhesive liner from the bag’s flap. Press the flap down firmly and evenly across the entire sealing surface. Smooth it out with your hand to ensure a complete, airtight seal. Many bags have a tamper-evident feature, so once sealed, it should not be reopened.

Marking and Labeling for Compliance

Your sealed bag now needs the correct external markings.

• UN3373 Marking: The bag must clearly display the standardized “UN3373” mark and the proper shipping name: “BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE, CATEGORY B”.
• Sender/Receiver Information: Clearly write or attach a label with the full name, address, and phone number of both the sender and the receiver.
• Hazard Label (if applicable): While not always required for ground transport, an “Infectious Substance” label may be needed for air transport if there’s a known risk.

Step 4: Final Placement in the Outer Shipping Box

The sealed and labeled 95kPa bag is not the final layer. It must be placed inside a rigid, sturdy outer shipping box (e.g., cardboard or Styrofoam). This outer package protects the entire system from physical impacts during transit.

• Use sufficient cushioning material (e.g., packing peanuts, bubble wrap) to prevent the bag and its contents from moving around inside the box.
• Seal the outer box securely with strong packing tape.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Mistake #1: Putting Paperwork Inside the Main Compartment. This is the most common error and a major safety violation.
• Mistake #2: Incomplete Sealing. Failing to press the entire adhesive surface down can compromise the bag’s integrity.
• Mistake #3: Overfilling the Bag. Placing too many secondary containers in one bag can put stress on the seal and increase the risk of puncture.
• Mistake #4: Reusing the Bag. These bags are designed for single use. Reusing them compromises their safety and legal compliance.

Correctly using a 95kPa specimen transport bag is a straightforward but non-negotiable process. By following these steps, you ensure the safe transport of potentially hazardous materials, protect couriers and laboratory staff, and maintain full compliance with international transport regulations. Proper training for all staff involved in this process is essential for maintaining a safe and efficient supply chain.